텅스텐 카바이드 공구의 절삭 속도 범위

In the machining world, cutting speed is more than just a number—it directly affects productivity, tool life, and part quality.

When using 텅스텐 카바이드 절단 도구, understanding the correct cutting speed range is key. Get it wrong, and you’ll see problems like overheating, tool wear, or poor surface finish.

Get it right, and you’ll unlock high precision, lower costs, and smooth operations.

In this blog, we break down how cutting speed works with carbide tools, what factors affect it, and what ranges to aim for across different materials.

What Is Cutting Speed?

Cutting speed is the speed at which the cutting edge of the tool moves across the material surface. It is usually measured in meters per minute (m/min) or surface feet per minute (SFM).

The faster the cutting speed, the more material the tool can remove in a given time—but also the more heat it generates.

For tungsten carbide tools, cutting speed is generally higher than for high-speed steel tools, thanks to carbide’s excellent heat resistance and 경도.

Why Tungsten Carbide Can Handle High Speeds

Tungsten carbide is a super-hard material made by combining tungsten and carbon atoms, often with a cobalt binder. Its unique structure offers:

높은 경도 at elevated temperatures
Strong 내마모성
Good dimensional stability
Low thermal expansion

Because of these features, carbide tools can maintain sharp edges and perform well at high speeds—even under tough machining conditions.

Factors That Affect Cutting Speed

Before jumping into numbers, remember that cutting speed is not fixed. It depends on:

Material of the workpiece: Harder materials require slower speeds.
Tool geometry: Sharp angles and small diameters may need speed adjustments.
Coolant/lubrication: Better cooling often allows higher speeds.
Machine rigidity: More rigid machines can handle faster speeds without vibration.
Type of operation: Roughing vs finishing passes have different needs.
Tool coating: Coated tools like TiAlN or CVD diamond resist heat better, supporting higher speeds.

Recommended Cutting Speeds by Material

Here’s a simplified table showing typical cutting speed ranges for carbide tools across common materials.

Material Type	Cutting Speed (m/min)	Notes
Mild Steel	100 – 250	Dry or with light coolant
Stainless Steel	60 – 150	Use coated tools for best results
Cast Iron	80 – 200	Gray cast iron handles dry cutting well
Aluminum	200 – 600	High speed with sharp tools
Titanium Alloys	30 – 60	Use plenty of coolant
Hardened Steel (45-60 HRC)	30 – 80	Requires special carbide grades
Brass/Bronze	100 – 300	Low risk of built-up edge

Cutting Speed vs Feed Rate: Don’t Mix Them Up

While cutting speed measures how fast the cutting edge moves, feed rate is how much the tool advances per revolution or per minute.

Higher cutting speeds = Faster material removal, more heat
Higher feed rates = Thicker chips, more tool pressure

To avoid problems like tool breakage or chatter, you need the right balance between speed and feed.

Start in the mid-range, and adjust based on tool wear, finish quality, and machine sound.

Common Problems from Wrong Cutting Speeds

Choosing the wrong speed can hurt your tool and your part. Here are a few issues that can happen:

문제	Caused By
Burnt tool edge	Too high speed, no coolant
Built-up edge (BUE)	Too low speed, soft materials
Chatter or vibration	Speed-feed mismatch
Short tool life	Poor speed control
Rough surface finish	Speed too low or unstable

Tips to Optimize Cutting Speed for Carbide Tools

Want smoother, faster, and longer-lasting results? Try these tips:

Always follow manufacturer’s speed guidelines
Use coated carbide tools for tough materials
Keep your machine rigid and well-maintained
Use proper coolant or misting where needed
Do trial cuts and fine-tune based on chip color and finish

Pro tip: Bright silver or blue chips usually indicate a good cut. Dull or burnt chips mean trouble.

High-Speed Machining (HSM) with Carbide

Tungsten carbide tools are perfect for High-Speed Machining (HSM). This technique uses high spindle speeds and light cutting loads to increase efficiency.

Benefits of HSM with carbide tools include:

Faster cycle times
Lower cutting forces
Reduced thermal deformation
Better finishes and tighter tolerances

However, HSM only works if your tool, material, and machine are compatible. You may need dynamic balancing and vibration control.

Using Coated Carbide Tools at High Speeds

Coatings make a huge difference in high-speed cutting. They:

Reduce friction
Act as thermal barriers
공구 수명 연장

Popular coatings for high-speed carbide cutting:

코팅 유형	가장 적합한	혜택
티알인	Steel, Inconel	High heat resistance
다운로드 가능 콘텐츠	Aluminum, copper	Anti-stick, low friction
CVD 다이아몬드	Graphite, composites	Extreme wear resistance